The 6-month relapse rate was similar in patients treated with continuation ECT (37.2%, 95% CI=23.4–53.5%). In modern era studies of continuation pharmacotherapy, 51.1% (95% CI=44.7–57.4%) of patients relapsed by 12 months following successful initial treatment with ECT, with the majority (37.7%, 95% CI=30.7–45.2%) relapsing within the first 6 months. Thirty-two studies with up to 2 years’ duration of follow-up were included. Meta-analyses were performed where appropriate. A keyword search of electronic databases was performed for studies appearing in the peer-reviewed literature before January 2013 reporting on relapse rates in responders to an acute course of ECT administered for a major depressive episode. The aim of this study was to provide a systematic overview of the existing evidence regarding post-ECT relapse. Current treatment guidelines offer little information to clinicians on the optimal nature of maintenance therapy following ECT. High rates of early relapse following electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) are typically reported in the literature.
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